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Hot tub electricity cost calculator

Most of the bill is not the heating you notice. It is the heat leaking out all month, while the tub sits there. This splits the three parts so you can see which one costs you.

Not sure of your numbers? Start from an example:

On the spec sheet. Typical home tubs hold 300–500 US gallons.

/ kWh

Per kWh, from your bill.

What you keep it set to. Every degree lower saves real money.

Your yearly average, not today's. Heat loss tracks this gap.

A low-speed circ pump is 40–200 W; a two-speed on low is more.

hrs

Many tubs ship on 24/7 but filter fine on 6–12 hours.


Cover and insulation

This sets how fast heat escapes. A soaked or warped cover is the most common reason a bill jumps.

W per °C

Set by the choice above. Override it if you have measured yours.

Drain-and-refills or holidays when you let it go cold. Usually 0.

Fill in the fields to see your answer.

  • Per day
  • Per month
  • Per year
  • kWh per month
    Filling it fresh, or turning it back on? Check the heat-up time →

    What if you changed one thing?

      Each row changes a single setting and leaves everything else as you entered it.

      What this assumes
      • Standby loss is a lumped figure in watts per °C of difference between water and air, set by the insulation preset. It is an empirical shorthand, not a surface-by-surface heat model.
      • Electric resistance heating is ~100% efficient — essentially all the energy ends up in the water. A heat pump would beat this by 3–5×.
      • Your outdoor average drives the bill. Using a summer figure will understate winter badly; the annual mean is the honest input.
      • Wind and cover condition are not modelled. An exposed tub in a windy yard can lose noticeably more than this.

      How this calculation works

      1. Standby loss
      2. Circulation pump
      3. Reheating
      4. Monthly cost

      kWh/month = (W/°C × ΔT × 730) ÷ 1000 + (pump W × hrs × 30.4) ÷ 1000 + reheats

      Standby loss is the big one: a lumped figure in watts lost for every °C between the water and the air, running every hour of the month. Circulation is simply pump watts times hours. Reheating uses the specific heat capacity of water, 4.186 kJ per kg per °C.

      Heat loss by cover condition, and what it costs at $0.17/kWh
      CoverLossAt 40 °F outsidePer month
      New hard cover, dense foam7 W/°C230 W~$29
      Good cover, full-foam shell11 W/°C360 W~$45
      Standard, partial foam17 W/°C560 W~$70
      Thin or waterlogged26 W/°C860 W~$107

      Standby only, at 100 °F water and 40 °F air. Add the pump on top — 200 W for 8 hours a day is about 49 kWh, roughly $8 a month.

      Where the money actually goes

      For most tubs, standby loss — simply holding the water at temperature while nobody is in it — is the largest line by a wide margin, often 60 to 80 percent of the bill. That is why cover condition matters more than almost anything else, and why the "how often do you use it" question people expect to be decisive barely moves the total.

      The circulation pump is the quiet second. A 200 W pump left running around the clock uses about 146 kWh a month on its own — comparable to a refrigerator running continuously. Cutting it to eight hours a day usually costs nothing in water quality on a modern tub.

      The three changes that actually help

      Try each one above. The scenario rows price them against your numbers.

      A wooden hot tub in a garden, with a folded cover resting on the rim
      Most of the bill is spent holding this water hot while nobody is in it. Writers Cabin hot tub by BlisswoodB&B, CC BY-SA 4.0

      For the full picture, read where a hot tub's electricity actually goes.